41Combined Group Management Report Consolidated Financial Statements Corporate Governance Report Supervisory Board and Board of Management Tables and Explanations Second, we actively support the development of key tech- nologies and accelerate their commercial viability through innovate.on, our technology initiative. We believe this is part of our responsibility as one of the world's leading energy companies.The purpose of these activities is to deploy research results in operational applications and to actively promote their implementation on a commercial scale. R&D expenses pursuant to IAS 38 totaled about 62 million in 2009 (prior year: 53 million). Overall, 229 employees work in R&D at E.ON. In addition to E.ON's investments to optimize and refine technologies, E.ON also actively promotes basic research and provided 17 million of financial support for energy research at universities and institutes in 2009. E.ON's total expenditures for new technology (which include support for university research, R&D, and demonstration projects) amounted to 105 million (prior year: 106 million). Corporate Responsibility ("CR") Faced with globalization, the worldwide increase in energy demand, and climate change, the energy industry is undergo- ing profound changes, changes that can only be successfully managed in accord with society's expectations and values. Our CR organization provides support in dealing with these expectations in a professional way and helping E.ON achieve a balance between the interests of its various stakeholders. Our objective is to be an industry leader in responsible energy supply. To help us get there, we further refined our CR strategy and programs and defined clear targets and initiatives for 2008­ 2010. We established Group-wide standards and policies and integrated them into central aspects of our corporate strategy. We also analyzed and evaluated the risks associated with key CR areas such as marketplace, community, climate protec- tion, environmental protection, health management, and occupational safety. In addition, we rolled out specific projects and programs to promote CR in these core areas and to further sharpen E.ON's CR profile. Our performance in ratings and rankings in 2009 again dem- onstrates that we are on the right course. Among our most important successes was that we were again included in the Dow Jones Sustainability Index, the world's leading index of its kind. This sends an important signal to capital markets and to the increasing number of investors who factor sustain- ability criteria into their investment decisions. E.ON emitted 144.9 million metric tons of CO2 from electricity production in 2009, 10.3 million metric tons less than in 2008. The main factor was that we produced less power in 2009 than in 2008. Our carbon intensity declined by 1.6 percent to 0.476 metric tons per MWh. Going forward, this trend will become more pronounced as we add more new, high-efficiency fossil-fueled capacity and more renewables capacity. Our carbon emission figures include our CHP units in the United Kingdom pursuant to existing legal obligations. More information about our CR efforts is available at www.eon.com/responsibility, where you will also find our CR Report, which will be released in May 2010.This information is not to be considered part of the Combined Group Manage- ment Report.